William ShakespeareAn independent guide to the Bard

William Shakespeare Guide

William Shakespeare timeline

Shakespeare’s life is documented unevenly. This chronology separates secure events from approximate dates and later traditions.

  1. Baptism in Stratford

    William Shakespeare is baptised at Holy Trinity Church on 26 April. His exact birth date is unknown; 23 April is traditional.

  2. John Shakespeare becomes bailiff

    Shakespeare’s father serves as bailiff, the leading civic office in Stratford.

  3. Probable grammar-school education

    William almost certainly studies Latin, rhetoric and classical authors at the King’s New School, though no register survives.

  4. Marriage to Anne Hathaway

    A licence is issued in late November. William is 18 and Anne about 26.

  5. Susanna is baptised

    Their first child is baptised on 26 May.

  6. Twins are baptised

    Hamnet and Judith are baptised on 2 February. The poorly documented “lost years” follow.

  7. Known as a London playwright

    Robert Greene’s Groats-Worth of Wit mocks an “upstart Crow”, widely read as a reference to Shakespeare.

  8. Venus and Adonis

    With theatres affected by plague closures, Shakespeare publishes his first long narrative poem.

  9. Lucrece and the Lord Chamberlain’s Men

    The Rape of Lucrece appears; Shakespeare becomes a founding sharer of the Lord Chamberlain’s Men.

  10. Hamnet dies

    Shakespeare’s only son is buried on 11 August, aged 11. John Shakespeare receives a coat of arms.

  11. New Place

    Shakespeare buys one of Stratford’s largest houses.

  12. The Theatre is dismantled

    Timbers from James Burbage’s Shoreditch playhouse are moved across the Thames.

  13. The Globe opens

    The Lord Chamberlain’s Men build their Bankside amphitheatre. Henry V and Julius Caesar belong around this year.

  14. John Shakespeare dies

    Shakespeare’s father dies in Stratford.

  15. The King’s Men

    After James I’s accession, the company receives royal patronage and a new name.

  16. Susanna marries John Hall

    Their daughter Elizabeth, Shakespeare’s last direct descendant, is born in 1608.

  17. Mary Arden dies

    Shakespeare’s mother dies. Around 1608–09 the King’s Men begin using the indoor Blackfriars.

  18. The Sonnets are published

    Thomas Thorpe publishes 154 sonnets with a mysterious dedication to “Mr. W. H.”

  19. The Globe burns

    On 29 June a stage cannon used during Henry VIII sets the thatch alight. Around this period Shakespeare largely retires to Stratford.

  20. The Globe is rebuilt

    The King’s Men reopen their amphitheatre.

  21. Will, death and burial

    Shakespeare signs his will on 25 March, dies on 23 April and is buried on 25 April.

  22. First Folio and Anne’s death

    Heminges and Condell publish 36 plays. Anne Hathaway dies on 6 August and is buried beside her husband.

  23. The theatres close

    Parliament orders the playhouses closed. The Globe is demolished around 1644–45.

  24. Rowe’s edition

    Nicholas Rowe’s illustrated edition includes an engraving of Shakespeare’s Stratford monument.

  25. Garrick’s Jubilee

    David Garrick’s Stratford celebration accelerates Shakespeare tourism and “Bardolatry”.

  26. The Birthplace is secured

    Shakespeare’s Birthplace is bought for the nation.

  27. A reconstructed Globe opens

    The Sam Wanamaker-led reconstruction opens near the original Bankside site.

  28. A living global legacy

    Shakespeare’s works remain translated, taught, adapted and performed around the world.

Sources & further reading

These organisations publish primary texts, collections, research and visitor information. External links do not imply affiliation.

Further reading

Books about Shakespeare, from Bookshop.org, which supports independent bookshops. If you buy through this list we may earn a small commission, at no extra cost to you.